{"id":14257,"date":"2024-10-28T16:37:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T14:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/?p=14257"},"modified":"2024-10-28T16:37:32","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T14:37:32","slug":"aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/","title":{"rendered":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Autores: Monika Henlija (Hanley) un Krista Lu\u012bze Pried\u012bte<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdu un da\u017e\u0101du aizspriedumu c\u0113lo\u0146i ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi, un k\u0101 lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, t\u0101 aizspriedumi veicina stereotipiz\u0101ciju un stigmatiz\u0101ciju. Medijprat\u012bba un kritisk\u0101 dom\u0101\u0161ana ir kompetences, kas \u013cauj izb\u0113gt no \u0161iem \u201cspriedumu slazdiem\u201d. \u0160is ir nosl\u0113dzo\u0161ais raksts s\u0113rij\u0101, kas tapis kop\u0101 ar Baltijas Mediju izcil\u012bbas centru, kur\u0101 apl\u016bkojam l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas procesus, iepaz\u012bstinot las\u012bt\u0101jus ar zin\u0101m\u0101kaj\u0101m lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m un aizspriedumiem, kas b\u016bs atpaz\u012bstami ikvienam, k\u0101 ar\u012b sniedzam padomus, k\u0101 tos atpaz\u012bt un no tiem izvair\u012bties.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas un aizspriedumi var b\u016bt neman\u0101mi, ja nepiev\u0113r\u0161am uzman\u012bbu tam, k\u0101 pa\u0161i veidojam savus argumentus. Tie ietekm\u0113 spriedumus un l\u0113mumus, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c zin\u0101\u0161anas par to, k\u0101 atpaz\u012bt \u0161os slazdus, \u013cauj dom\u0101t kritisk\u0101k un izvair\u012bties no to ietekmes ikdien\u0101. Lai ar\u012b j\u0113dzieni ir radniec\u012bgi, tie nav sinon\u012bmi. Aizspriedumi saist\u012bti ar inform\u0101cijas uztveres un interpret\u0101cijas procesu, un to, k\u0101 \u0161aj\u0101 proces\u0101 rodas nepamatoti spriedumi vai pat sistem\u0101tiskas dom\u0101\u0161anas k\u013c\u016bdas. Savuk\u0101rt lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas saist\u012btas ar argumentu uzb\u016bvi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dom\u0101\u0161anas process, kas ved pie (aiz)sprieduma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esam apkopoju\u0161i 12 aizspriedumu veidus, ko ir v\u0113rts iegaum\u0113t, lai atpaz\u012btu sav\u0101 (un l\u012bdzcilv\u0113ku) dom\u0101\u0161an\u0101 un m\u0101c\u012btos izvair\u012bties no to ietekmes n\u0101kotn\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Apstiprin\u0101juma aizspriedums<\/strong>: M\u016bsu smadzenes nereti izv\u0113las \u201ciet viegl\u0101ko ce\u013cu\u201d \u2013 m\u0113s neiedzi\u013cin\u0101mies jaut\u0101jum\u0101 un \u201cp\u0101rapstiprin\u0101m\u201d to, kas mums jau ir zin\u0101ms. Apstiprin\u0101juma aizspriedums ir tendence mekl\u0113t t\u0101du inform\u0101ciju, kas apstiprina m\u016bsu jau eso\u0161os uzskatus, un ignor\u0113t pier\u0101d\u012bjumus, kas ir pretrun\u0101 tiem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Enkura aizspriedums<\/strong>: Situ\u0101cij\u0101s, kad par konkr\u0113to jaut\u0101jumu \u012bsti nezin\u0101m neko, inform\u0101cija, ko sa\u0146emam vispirms, var \u0161\u0137ist v\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101ka nek\u0101 t\u0101 paties\u012bb\u0101 ir. \u0160is aizspriedums ietekm\u0113 l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas procesu, balstot (jeb noenkurojot) secin\u0101jumus tie\u0161i uz pirmo ieg\u016bto inform\u0101ciju. Lai no t\u0101 izvair\u012btos, vienm\u0113r ir svar\u012bgi p\u0101rskat\u012bt visu ieg\u016bto inform\u0101ciju, lai saprastu, vai s\u0101kotn\u0113ji uzzin\u0101tais tie\u0161\u0101m ir tik svar\u012bgs un patiess.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pieejam\u012bbas efekts<\/strong>: Vai tas, ka inform\u0101cija atrodama mekl\u0113\u0161anas servisa pirmaj\u0101 lap\u0101, noz\u012bm\u0113, ka t\u0101 ir patiesa un uzticama? Reiz\u0113m \u2013 j\u0101, reiz\u0113m \u2013 n\u0113. Viegl\u0101k pieejama inform\u0101cija ne vienm\u0113r ir uzticam\u0101ka! Pieejam\u012bbas aizspriedums saist\u012bts tie\u0161i ar inform\u0101cijas pieejam\u012bbu, liekot p\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0113t viegl\u0101k ieg\u016bstamas inform\u0101cijas noz\u012bmi, vienlaikus nenov\u0113rt\u0113jot gr\u016bt\u0101k ieg\u016bstamas inform\u0101cijas noz\u012bmi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aizmugurisk\u0101 neobjektivit\u0101te<\/strong>: N\u0101kotni paredz\u0113t nav iesp\u0113jams. \u201cT\u0101 jau es dom\u0101ju,\u201d ir viens no sarkanajiem karogiem, kas liecina, ka cilv\u0113ks ir p\u0101rliecin\u0101ts par savu sp\u0113ju iepriek\u0161 paredz\u0113t notikumu gaitu. Aizmugurisk\u0101 neobjektivit\u0101te\u00a0 ir tieksme p\u0113c notikuma tic\u0113t, ka m\u0113s jau iepriek\u0161 visu laiku zin\u0101j\u0101m, ka tas notiks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Halo efekts<\/strong>: Reizumis tikai viena pozit\u012bva iez\u012bme var ietekm\u0113t m\u016bsu spriedumu par k\u0101du notikumu, person\u012bbu vai cilv\u0113ku grupu. To sauc par halo efektu. Halo efekta ietekm\u0113 \u0161\u012b pozit\u012bv\u0101 iez\u012bme p\u0101rm\u0101c visu p\u0101r\u0113jo, ko uzzin\u0101m par konkr\u0113to jaut\u0101jumu, pie\u0146emot, ka ar\u012b visas p\u0101r\u0113j\u0101s iez\u012bmes ir pozit\u012bvas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Negativit\u0101tes aizspriedums<\/strong>: Negativit\u0101tes aizspriedums sav\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 ir l\u012bdz\u012bgs halo efektam, ta\u010du, k\u0101 jau nosaukums liecina, tas attiecas uz negat\u012bvu inform\u0101ciju. \u0160\u012b aizsprieduma gad\u012bjum\u0101 m\u0113s pie\u0161\u0137iram liel\u0101ku noz\u012bmi negat\u012bvai inform\u0101cijai. Pat tad, ja t\u0101 ir maz\u0101k svar\u012bga.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>R\u0101m\u0113\u0161anas efekts<\/strong>: Kas \u0161\u0137iet uzticam\u0101ks \u2013 teksts, kas pilns gramatikas k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m? Vai tom\u0113r teksts bez gramatikas un stila k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m, skaisti noform\u0113ts un sagatavots public\u0113\u0161anai? R\u0101m\u0113\u0161anas efekts noz\u012bm\u0113 to, ka sav\u0101 uztver\u0113 \u013caujam domin\u0113t formai, nevis saturam, ietekm\u0113joties no inform\u0101cijas snieg\u0161anas veida, nevis pa\u0161as inform\u0101cijas un satura.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nepareizu izmaksu k\u013c\u016bda<\/strong>: T\u0101 ir tendence turpin\u0101t ieguld\u012bt laiku, naudu vai resursus k\u0101d\u0101 liet\u0101 tikai t\u0101p\u0113c, ka m\u0113s jau esam taj\u0101 ieguld\u012bju\u0161i, pat ja t\u0101 vairs nav noder\u012bga.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sp\u0113lma\u0146a k\u013c\u016bda<\/strong>: \u0160\u0137ietamas likumsakar\u012bbas un veiksm\u012bgu (vai neveiksm\u012bgu) sakrit\u012bbu virknes var likt pie\u013caut sp\u0113lma\u0101 k\u013c\u016bda. Sp\u0113lma\u0146a mald\u012bgais pie\u0146\u0113mums liek dom\u0101t, ka kaut kas notiks (vai tie\u0161i otr\u0101di \u2013 nenotiks) tikai t\u0101p\u0113c, ka k\u0101du laiku tas nav noticis, v\u0113loties atrast saikni starp v\u0113lam\u0101 izn\u0101kuma varb\u016bt\u012bbu un iepriek\u0161\u0113jiem notikumiem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bga pa\u0161p\u0101rliecin\u0101t\u012bba<\/strong>: P\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0113jot sevi, savas sp\u0113jas un zin\u0101\u0161anas, p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bga pa\u0161p\u0101rliecin\u0101t\u012bba var ietekm\u0113t l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anu, liekot nekritiski izv\u0113rt\u0113t savu kompetenci un nepietiekami nov\u0113rt\u0113t k\u013c\u016bdu iesp\u0113jam\u012bbu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Savt\u012bguma aizspriedums<\/strong>: Savt\u012bguma aizspriedums ir tieksme savus pan\u0101kumus saist\u012bt ar m\u016bsu pa\u0161u sp\u0113j\u0101m, visas neveiksmes nove\u013cot uz \u0101r\u0113jiem faktoriem, ko nevaram ietekm\u0113t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Grupas dom\u0101\u0161ana<\/strong>: Nepiekrist vair\u0101kuma viedoklim reiz\u0113m var \u0161\u0137ist izaicino\u0161i, un grupas dom\u0101\u0161ana ir aizspriedumu veids, kur\u0101 notiek piel\u0101go\u0161an\u0101s grupas viedoklim un uzskatiem, pat ja tie nav m\u016bsu interes\u0113s vai ir balst\u012bti k\u013c\u016bdain\u0101 inform\u0101cij\u0101. Ir svar\u012bgi uzklaus\u012bt vair\u0101kumu, ta\u010du ar\u012b vair\u0101kuma viedoklis ir j\u0101izv\u0113rt\u0113 kritiski.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: k\u0101 izvair\u012bties no k\u013c\u016bdainiem argumentiem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lai izvair\u012btos no k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m savos argumentos un sp\u0113tu t\u0101s atpaz\u012bt sarunbiedra apgalvojumos,&nbsp; vispirms j\u0101saprot, kas t\u0101s \u012bsti ir un k\u0101di ir &#8220;sarkanie karogi&#8221;, kas liecina, ka k\u0101ds izmanto k\u013c\u016bdainus argumentus. \u0160eit apl\u016bkosim 10 bie\u017ei sastopamas lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, ar piem\u0113riem paskaidrojot to uzb\u016bvi un to, kur tad \u012bsti rodas k\u013c\u016bda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Ad Hominem<\/em> <\/strong>jeb \u201catsauk\u0161an\u0101s uz person\u012bbu\u201d\u00a0 noz\u012bm\u0113 to, ka argument\u0101 tiek uzbrukts indiv\u012bdam \u2013 vi\u0146a person\u012bbai, t\u0113lam, raksturam, nevis vi\u0146a argumentam. <em>Ad Hominem <\/em>pasliktina diskusijas kvalit\u0101ti. <br><em>Piem\u0113rs: debat\u0113s par klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m dal\u012bbnieks A nor\u0101da uz nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu r\u012bkoties, lai pal\u0113nin\u0101tu klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u gaitu. Dal\u012bbnieks B sav\u0101 atbild\u0113 izmanto Ad Hominem argumentu un t\u0101 viet\u0101, lai atbild\u0113tu uz argumentu no savas poz\u012bcijas, nor\u0101da: \u201cJ\u016bs t\u0101 sak\u0101t, jo pirms k\u0101da laika darboj\u0101ties vides aizsardz\u012bbas biedr\u012bb\u0101.\u201d Arguments ir saist\u012bts ar dal\u012bbnieka A person\u012bbu un profesion\u0101lo darb\u012bbu, nevis vi\u0146a pausto apgalvojumu.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Atsauk\u0161an\u0101s uz autorit\u0101ti <\/strong>noz\u012bm\u0113, ka arguments nav balst\u012bts pier\u0101d\u012bjumos, bet veidots, pa\u013caujoties uz personas autorit\u0101ti vai eksperta statusu. Lai no t\u0101 izvair\u012btos, vienm\u0113r j\u0101seko pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: sarun\u0101 par uz\u0146\u0113muma att\u012bst\u012bbu k\u0101ds darba kol\u0113\u0123is, neizmantojot datus un kokr\u0113tus r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jus, kas \u013cautu vi\u0146am pa\u0161am non\u0101kt pie \u0161\u0101da sprieduma, pazi\u0146o: \u201cUz\u0146\u0113muma vad\u012bba saka, ka m\u016bsu firma ir finansi\u0101li stabila. Nesenie zaud\u0113jumi nav ietekm\u0113ju\u0161i uz\u0146\u0113mumu un mums nav j\u0101uztraucas ne par ko.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Viltus dilemmas <\/strong>gad\u012bjum\u0101 tiek pied\u0101v\u0101tas tikai divas izv\u0113les iesp\u0113jas k\u0101das probl\u0113mas risin\u0101jumam, kaut gan realit\u0101t\u0113 risin\u0101jumu var b\u016bt daudz vair\u0101k.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: sarun\u0101 par k\u0101da likumprojekta groz\u012bjumiem politi\u0137is pazi\u0146o: \u201cVai nu j\u016bs piekr\u012btat manam ierosin\u0101jumam, vai ar\u012b esat pret att\u012bst\u012bbu un izaugsmi!\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sliden\u0101 nog\u0101ze <\/strong>ir arguments, kur\u0101 bez pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem tiek apgalvots, ka k\u0101da darb\u012bba neizb\u0113gami rad\u012bs negat\u012bvu notikumu virkni.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: sarun\u0101 par viendzimuma laul\u012bbu legaliz\u0101ciju k\u0101ds apgalvo: \u201cJa m\u0113s pie\u013causim viendzimuma laul\u012bbas, izpratne par tradicion\u0101lu laul\u012bbu tiks sagrauta, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di izn\u012bcinot laul\u012bbas instit\u016btu, soci\u0101lo strukt\u016bru un \u0123imeni k\u0101 sabiedr\u012bbu veidojo\u0161u vien\u012bbu.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Salmu v\u012brs (saukts ar\u012b par putnubied\u0113kli) <\/strong>ir pretinieka argumenta sagroz\u012b\u0161ana, lai atvieglotu uzbrukumu.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: m\u0101jas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju kopsapulc\u0113 dal\u012bbnieks A ierosina iesp\u0113ju k\u0101p\u0146u telp\u0101s ieviest nov\u0113ro\u0161anas kameras, jo apkaim\u0113 apzagti vair\u0101ki m\u0101jok\u013ci. Klasiska salmu v\u012bra atbilde no dal\u012bbnieka B: \u201cT\u0101tad j\u016bs neuzticaties saviem kaimi\u0146iem?\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0101rsteidz\u012bgs visp\u0101rin\u0101jums <\/strong>ir visaptvero\u0161s apgalvojums bez pamatotiem pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem (var b\u016bt ierobe\u017eoti pier\u0101d\u012bjumi vai viens piem\u0113rs), p\u0113c b\u016bt\u012bbas \u2013 aizspriedums.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: \u201cHostel\u012b, kur\u0101 v\u0113l\u0113jos palikt Par\u012bz\u0113, mani apkr\u0101pa. Par\u012bze ir pilna ar kr\u0101pniekiem!\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ap\u013cveida argument\u0101cija<\/strong> ir t\u0101ds arguments, kas izmanto secin\u0101jumu k\u0101 pier\u0101d\u012bjumu, lai atbalst\u012btu pats sevi.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: \u201cB\u012bbel\u0113 rakst\u012bta paties\u012bba, jo B\u012bbel\u0113 t\u0101 teikts un B\u012bbele ir Dieva v\u0101rds.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Emocion\u0101la apel\u0101cija <\/strong>noz\u012bm\u0113 emocion\u0101las valodas izmanto\u0161anu, lai k\u0101du p\u0101rliecin\u0101tu, nesniedzot pier\u0101d\u012bjumus.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: labdar\u012bbas kampa\u0146as ziedojumu v\u0101c\u0113ji pazi\u0146o: \u201cZiedojiet m\u016bsu m\u0113r\u0137im tik, cik vien varat. Bez j\u016bsu atbalsta b\u0113rni ciet\u012bs!\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Post hoc, ergo propter hoc<\/em> <\/strong>ir t\u0101da veida arguments, kur\u0101 ietverts pie\u0146\u0113mums, ka viens notikums izrais\u012bja otru. Tas ir apgalvojums, ka sakrit\u012bba ir c\u0113lo\u0146sakar\u012bba.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: soci\u0101lo mediju vid\u0113 par\u0101d\u0101s apgalvojums: \u201cKop\u0161 darbu s\u0101kusi jaun\u0101 vald\u012bba, ir paaugstin\u0101ju\u0161ies bezdarba r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji. T\u0101 ir jaun\u0101s vald\u012bbas vaina!\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Bandwagon <\/em>efekts <\/strong>ir apgalvojums, ka kaut kas ir patiess vai labs, jo t\u0101 dom\u0101 citi.<br><em>Piem\u0113rs: \u201c\u0160obr\u012bd visi ieg\u0101d\u0101jas tie\u0161i \u0161o viedt\u0101lruni. \u0160\u012b mode\u013ca p\u0101rdo\u0161anas r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji \u0161obr\u012bd ir augst\u0101ki nek\u0101 konkurentiem. \u0160is ir vislab\u0101kais telefons.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, ko apl\u016bkoj\u0101m \u0161\u012b raksta ietvaros, protams, nav vien\u012bgie \u201cspriedumu slazdi\u201d. Ta\u010du izpratne par to izcelsmi un uzb\u016bvi gan pal\u012bdz saprast m\u016bsu ikdienas l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas procesus, gan pal\u012bdz skaidrot visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101ko procesu c\u0113lo\u0146sakar\u012bbas k\u0101 viet\u0113j\u0101s sabiedr\u012bbas, t\u0101 visas pasaules kontekst\u0101.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autores: Monika Henlija (Hanley) un Krista Lu\u012bze Pried\u012bte Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdu un da\u017e\u0101du aizspriedumu c\u0113lo\u0146i ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi, un k\u0101 lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, t\u0101 aizspriedumi veicina stereotipiz\u0101ciju un stigmatiz\u0101ciju. Medijprat\u012bba un kritisk\u0101 dom\u0101\u0161ana ir kompetences, kas \u013cauj izb\u0113gt no \u0161iem \u201cspriedumu slazdiem\u201d. \u0160is ir nosl\u0113dzo\u0161ais raksts s\u0113rij\u0101, kas tapis kop\u0101 ar Baltijas Mediju izcil\u012bbas centru, kur\u0101 apl\u016bkojam l\u0113mumu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-lv"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lv_LV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Autores: Monika Henlija (Hanley) un Krista Lu\u012bze Pried\u012bte Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdu un da\u017e\u0101du aizspriedumu c\u0113lo\u0146i ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi, un k\u0101 lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, t\u0101 aizspriedumi veicina stereotipiz\u0101ciju un stigmatiz\u0101ciju. Medijprat\u012bba un kritisk\u0101 dom\u0101\u0161ana ir kompetences, kas \u013cauj izb\u0113gt no \u0161iem \u201cspriedumu slazdiem\u201d. \u0160is ir nosl\u0113dzo\u0161ais raksts s\u0113rij\u0101, kas tapis kop\u0101 ar Baltijas Mediju izcil\u012bbas centru, kur\u0101 apl\u016bkojam l\u0113mumu [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Becid\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-1024x576.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"576\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/e9c0832c18f790e3b6773ed5f07d4787\"},\"headline\":\"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\"},\"wordCount\":1834,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized @lv\"],\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\",\"name\":\"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/\",\"name\":\"Becid\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ennio\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/fav_icon.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/fav_icon.png\",\"width\":128,\"height\":128,\"caption\":\"ennio\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/e9c0832c18f790e3b6773ed5f07d4787\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"lv-LV\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/642c91c14f019573494cdf4cee4349493069dc0c2ac451cd345fc29110e8a78a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/642c91c14f019573494cdf4cee4349493069dc0c2ac451cd345fc29110e8a78a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/ennio.web-dev.stream\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/","og_locale":"lv_LV","og_type":"article","og_title":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid","og_description":"Autores: Monika Henlija (Hanley) un Krista Lu\u012bze Pried\u012bte Lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdu un da\u017e\u0101du aizspriedumu c\u0113lo\u0146i ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi, un k\u0101 lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas, t\u0101 aizspriedumi veicina stereotipiz\u0101ciju un stigmatiz\u0101ciju. Medijprat\u012bba un kritisk\u0101 dom\u0101\u0161ana ir kompetences, kas \u013cauj izb\u0113gt no \u0161iem \u201cspriedumu slazdiem\u201d. \u0160is ir nosl\u0113dzo\u0161ais raksts s\u0113rij\u0101, kas tapis kop\u0101 ar Baltijas Mediju izcil\u012bbas centru, kur\u0101 apl\u016bkojam l\u0113mumu [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/","og_site_name":"Becid","article_published_time":"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":576,"url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG-1024x576.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/e9c0832c18f790e3b6773ed5f07d4787"},"headline":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161","datePublished":"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/"},"wordCount":1834,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png","articleSection":["Uncategorized @lv"],"inLanguage":"lv-LV","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/","url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/","name":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161 - Becid","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png","datePublished":"2024-10-28T14:37:28+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-28T14:37:32+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"lv-LV","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/BECID-Studies-and-results-SVG.png","width":1920,"height":1080},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/aizspriedumi-un-logikas-kludas-argumentu-un-lemumu-pienemsanas-cels\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Aizspriedumi un lo\u0123ikas k\u013c\u016bdas: argumentu un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas ce\u013c\u0161"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#website","url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/","name":"Becid","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"lv-LV"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#organization","name":"ennio","url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/fav_icon.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/fav_icon.png","width":128,"height":128,"caption":"ennio"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/e9c0832c18f790e3b6773ed5f07d4787","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/642c91c14f019573494cdf4cee4349493069dc0c2ac451cd345fc29110e8a78a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/642c91c14f019573494cdf4cee4349493069dc0c2ac451cd345fc29110e8a78a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/ennio.web-dev.stream"],"url":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14257"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14261,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14257\/revisions\/14261"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/becid.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}